Preheat your oven to 350°F (175°C). Line a 12-cup muffin tin with paper liners.
In a large bowl, whisk together the flour, sugar, cocoa powder, baking soda, and salt.
In a separate medium bowl, whisk the melted butter, eggs, hot coffee, instant coffee powder, and peppermint extract until combined.
Pour the wet ingredients into the dry ingredients and mix with a spatula until just combined. Do not overmix. The batter will be thin.
Divide the batter evenly among the 12 cupcake liners, filling each about two-thirds full.
Bake for 14-16 minutes, or until a wooden skewer inserted into the center comes out with a few moist crumbs attached. Let the cupcakes cool in the pan for 5 minutes before transferring them to a wire rack to cool completely.
To make the frosting, combine the egg whites and sugar in the heatproof bowl of a stand mixer. Set the bowl over a saucepan of simmering water, making sure the bottom of the bowl does not touch the water. Whisk constantly until the sugar has dissolved and the mixture reaches 160°F (71°C) on an instant-read thermometer.
Carefully transfer the bowl to the stand mixer fitted with the whisk attachment. Beat on medium-high speed until a stiff, glossy meringue forms and the outside of the bowl feels cool to the touch, about 8-10 minutes.
Switch to the paddle attachment. With the mixer on medium-low speed, add the softened butter one piece at a time, waiting until each is incorporated before adding the next. Once all butter is added, add the peppermint extract. Increase speed to medium-high and beat until the frosting is smooth. Pipe or spread onto the cooled cupcakes and add garnish if using.